Attachment Theory The Bond Between A Caregiver And A...

Attachment Theory Attachment theory focuses on the bond between a caregiver and a child and how these fragile bonds, if not made properly has effects on the child’s future. The attachment process itself responds to the developing identity of the child which is very dependent of the sensitivity and guidance of the caregiver. John Bowlby takes attachment theory in a more biological/ evolutionary perspective, in which he views these forming of bonds as a survival mechanism in which the infant insures its survival by attaching themselves to an adult (caregiver) who can meet their needs in order to survive. This take on the attachment theory suggests that parents and infants may be biologically programmed to form an attachment and that each behavior between the child and the caregiver helps facilitate this (Ashford 2013, 266). On a bio-social level children look for this attachment because they are biologically wired to be relate to others and be social. Regardless if the attachme nt theory is taken through a biological, social or even psychological approach what is certain is that the child views the caregiver as a source of protection, comfort, and emotional regulation (Howe 2009, 43). If a positive attachment is made with the caregiver the child will have confidence in themselves and others, they will be more likely to develop a good self-esteem, autonomy, and relationships with others (Kreutzer 1999, 9). Attachment theory does not simply encompass whether there was aShow MoreRelatedSeparation And Divorce : Common Phenomena1429 Words   |  6 Pagesemotions such as fear, sadness, uncertainty, anger, confusion etc Attachment and separation has been a major aspect in every individual’s life. For this purpose Bowlby with other researchers have done a lot of researches to tell and educate us about attachment, separation and loss in an individual’s life especially in relation to their childhood. My research and peer-reviewed articles or journals will focus and support attachment and separation and its effect on an individual, being it good or badRead MoreAttachment And Its Effects On Children s Life1025 Words   |  5 PagesAttachment starts to develop since the women’s pregnancy, during this stage of human development the female starts to cultivate emotional attachment to the fetus. The method in which attachment is formed during gestation will eventually affect or enhance the child stance during pregnancy or even after birth. Attachment can be defined as the manner in which an infant creates an emotional connection between specific members. Attachment can be clearly dete cted, especially with the persons who are closerRead MoreThe Theory Of Love By Robert J. Sternberg1458 Words   |  6 PagesIt can be applied to early development studies of attachment theory, such as those by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth, and carried over to our studies of romance and love through the works of Robert J. Sternberg. Many of our class lessons have focused on cause and effect: childhood cause and adulthood effect. Thus it is not strange to note, Sternberg’s research, the triangular theory of love, is impacted by Bowlby and Ainsworth’s attachment theory. As we notice within each stage and style of relationshipRead MoreTheories Regarding Parenting Styles, Attachments, Bonds And The Relationships That Ensue1649 Words   |  7 PagesTheories abound in regards to parenting styles, attachments, bonds and the relationships that ensue. However, regardless of the theory, one subscribes to it has been noted that a child requires, warmth, security, and confidenc e to meet the demands of the world. Psychologists posit that how a child and their caregiver form an attachment has long-term ramifications on all the child’s relationships. The attachment formed with the primary caregiver provides the child with the expectations they will carryRead MorePsychology Assignment984 Words   |  4 PagesI read this book during the reading period for several reasons. As indicated by the topic choice for the major paper, I am interested in current findings related to attachment theory as I believe it to be a great contribution to understanding how human beings form healthy development. Additionally, as my current line of work includes working with depressed adolescents and their families, I wanted this week’s reading to be applicable in my everyday work, first in order to provide more effective treatmentRead MoreInfancy and Early Childhood1106 Words   |  5 Pagesthat attachment plays in the development of an infant. Mary Ainsworth, a pion eer in the study of attachment describes attachment as an emotional bond between persons who binds them through space and time. Attachment is the basis for social skills. (As stated by Vaughn) According to Vaughn, through loving interactions between infants and parents and through parents understanding their infants unique needs and temperament, attachment is developed. As infants interact with caregivers, theyRead More Secure Attachment and Adulthood Essay1806 Words   |  8 Pagessignifies nothing more than the commencement of autumn. To others it represents a great deal of potential. This tiny seed has the ability to endure many adverse effects including long periods of cold temperatures, drought, and human interference. The fragile acorn contains all the necessary elements to become the giant, majestic oak that has come to signify strength. When the conditions are favorable, the little nut will thrive and become an impressive adult tree providing oxygen and shade as nature intendedRead MoreAttachment Theory Of The Human Condition1725 Words   |  7 PagesAttachment is an integral part of the human condition, through it bonds are created between child and care giver and these bond help contribute to a developing person’s sense of self and the world around them. These feeling of connection carry over from parent, to child, to later life from the person to their partner and then their own children. Attachment theory grew out of the understanding that young children in their early fragile stages of development require protection and security to increaseRead MoreBonding And Attachment Between Mothers And Their Children5089 Words   |  21 PagesIntroduction Bonding or attachment between mothers and their children has been a topic of research for many decades. John Bowlby, a British psychologist, psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst began his work with attachment began in the early 1950 s and continued through 1990. His theories, along with Mary Ainsworth s research, an American-Canadian developmental psychologist, was the basis for Attachment Theory. Ainsworth and Bowlby s collaboration on attachment eventually led to the current classificationRead MoreThe Effects Of Parental Incarceration On Children3942 Words   |  16 Pageseffects of parental incarceration on children, school officials and penal institutions must be involved in support services available to incarcerated parents and their families. Evidence of the Problem Researchers have begun to measure not only how incarceration influences parents, but the effects the consequences of parental incarceration on children. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1.5 million minors deal with parental incarceration every year (Harrison Beck, 2010). In addition

The Secret Circle The Hunt Chapter 14 Free Essays

That night Diana and Adam gathered salt water from the rising tide, while Cassie and the others prepared the secret room for a locator spell to find Scarlett. Suzan and Deborah set up candles on all four cardinal points: north, south, east, and west. Sean lit their wicks one at a time. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chris and Doug cleansed the air with smoking jasmine censers, while Melanie laid out energy-clearing crystals. Cassie allowed a small part of herself to fill with hope. Maybe they did have enough good magic behind them to stand a chance in this fight. Getting the Master Tools back from Scarlett could change everything. Diana and Adam returned from outside with a stone cauldron filled to the brim with seawater. They set it down on the floor, and the group joined hands around it, enclosing it in a circle. Just as they had the last time the Circle performed this spell, they all concentrated on the water – on its clarity and depth, its ability to reshape its form to any container, and its utility as a mirror. Then they invoked the elements. â€Å"Power of water, I beseech you,† Diana said. Together the Circle softly repeated the locator chant four times: She who is lost shall now be found Hiding places come unbound They stared into the cauldron as Diana called out, â€Å"Let the water show the location of Scarlett.† Then they watched, waiting for the images to come. Cassie focused hard, directing all her yearning and desire onto the water. She bent her mind, begging it to cooperate. When the first image started to form she felt a gust of energy rush through her. It was an old house – seventeenth-century old. And it was surrounded by a heavy iron gate. The house looked like it should have been a museum, no longer suitable to live in, but not unlike many houses in New Salem and on the mainland. Then Cassie saw a bridge, but not one she recognized. It could have been any bridge anywhere; nothing about it struck her as unique. It disappeared as quickly as it had appeared. Finally a strange picture began coming together on the surface of the water. Bit by bit, a startling portrait came to light: a man with his head and feet locked through holes in a wooden board. His hands were chained behind him. Cassie knew what she was looking at – she’d seen one of these before. It was a prisoner in colonial-era stocks. Then the water turned to a disquieting black. Cassie wasn’t sure what to make of the strange series of images. It seemed like the spell hadn’t worked nearly as well as it had the last time. But Adam looked up at the others with understanding in his eyes. â€Å"I can’t believe it,† he said. â€Å"She’s so close to New Salem.† â€Å"I know that place.† Nick nodded along. â€Å"It’s the old Stockbridge Mission House, just on the other side of the bridge. It’s supposed to be abandoned, but I guess it’s not anymore.† â€Å"Well, what are we waiting for?† Faye asked. â€Å"Let’s go get her.† â€Å"Hold on.† Diana blew out all the candles and snuffed out the incense. â€Å"First we should research what spells would be useful against Scarlett. So we’re at least prepared for a face-off.† Laurel pulled out a notebook and began jotting down a list. â€Å"We should study our defense spells,† she said. â€Å"And definitely remote summoning spells. Melanie, can you look into what crystals might be of use?† Faye flicked Laurel’s pencil from her fingers. â€Å"Forget all that. We’ve got Cassie.† Cassie looked down at the tattered throw rug, not wanting to acknowledge Faye’s comment. Of course Faye was champing at the bit to attack the hunters. All she cared about was breaking her mark, even if it meant Cassie performing dark magic. But what Faye didn’t understand was the more Cassie used dark magic, the darker she became. Or maybe Faye did understand that, but she was still willing to sacrifice Cassie to the dark side for their cause. â€Å"Cassie’s not using black magic when we go up against Scarlett,† Adam said. â€Å"Under any circumstances. But aside from that, I agree with Faye. We need to act right away, even if we don’t have all the research.† Diana gawked at Adam from across the living room table. â€Å"This isn’t something to rush into,† she said. â€Å"Need I remind you how in our last battle with Scarlett, she made you blind with a single wave of her hand?† Suzan and Deborah, who were sitting side by side on the sofa, chuckled meanly. â€Å"I remember,† Adam said. â€Å"And it wasn’t just me, it was all of us. But thanks for bringing that up.† Adam turned to Nick for support, assuming they might for once fall on the same side of a dispute. â€Å"Don’t you think it’s do-or-die time?† Adam said to Nick. â€Å"Study period is over. Am I right?† Cassie’s insides were seething. She wanted to go after Scarlett and get the Master Tools back more than any of them, but deep down she knew what they were up against – she was the only one who really understood what they were up against. It was her responsibility to speak up. â€Å"Having learned something from the trap I walked into in Cape Cod,† she said, â€Å"I don’t want to face Scarlett unprepared. She’s stronger than all of us put together. We got lucky last time – we got her to run away, but we couldn’t overpower her. The only way we stand a chance of defeating her now is by outsmarting her.† Cassie directed her attention to Adam. â€Å"That was a great pep talk and all, but a positive attitude and a whole lot of hope aren’t going to cut it. We need to be realistic. We should have an arsenal of spells at our fingertips before we step through the door of that house. One or two more days of preparation is all we need. It’s not much.† â€Å"I’m with her,† Deborah said. â€Å"Cassie should be the one calling the shots on this mission.† Nick raised his hand. â€Å"I second that.† Adam’s cheeks turned crimson, and Faye let out a begrudging sigh. Laurel picked up her notebook and pencil. â€Å"Okay then. Who has something to add to the list?† Adam lingered at Cassie’s front door, waiting for the others to leave her house with their individual assignments. He tilted his head at her and averted his eyes. â€Å"We should talk,† he said. â€Å"About what?† â€Å"Scarlett.† â€Å"It seems like she’s all you want to talk about lately,† Cassie said. Adam’s coy look changed into something more serious. â€Å"I understand why you’re upset, Cassie. But I didn’t suggest we find Scarlett so I could ask her out to dinner.† He smiled. â€Å"You know that.† Cassie did know that, but she still resented Scarlett for the stress she was putting on her and Adam’s relationship. And that resentment was transferring directly onto Adam. â€Å"That’s all I wanted to say.† Adam leaned in and gave Cassie a stiff hug good-bye. Cassie accepted his hug with limp arms. In her mind, she knew Adam hadn’t done anything wrong, but her heart was proving to be more stubborn. Scarlett and the cord were all she could see when she looked at Adam now, all she could feel when he touched her. No matter how hard she tried to rationalize her jealousy away, it was there. After Adam left, Cassie did the only thing she could think of to distract herself from her love life: She started cleaning the kitchen. Her mother would be home soon, and it would be nice for her to return to a spotless house. As she was sweeping the kitchen floor, enjoying the trivial sense of control that came from defeating household dirt and grime, Nick climbed up from the basement. Cassie gripped her broom handle tightly. â€Å"Going somewhere?† she asked. Nick slipped the broom out of Cassie’s hands. â€Å"Not unless you’re volunteering yourself as an escort.† â€Å"I might be.† Cassie laughed. â€Å"But not until this floor is clean.† â€Å"In that case, consider it done.† Nick put his head down and began sweeping the floor with even strokes. Cassie watched him, admiring the way he could lose himself so effortlessly in a physical task. Rebuilding engines, wrenching pipes, chopping wood – brute force was where Nick excelled. Fixing things that were broken, or muscling a floor clean if that was all he could get. There was a rugged simplicity to him that Cassie envied. Nick stopped sweeping and rested both hands on the broom handle. â€Å"A penny for your thoughts,† he said. â€Å"I should be the one paying you if I start talking.† â€Å"Try me.† Nick grinned. â€Å"First session is free.† Cassie leaned against the kitchen counter. â€Å"Well, for starters, I’ve been having terrible nightmares.† â€Å"From the book, do you think?† Nick asked. â€Å"I guess. I’ve been having a lot of weird feelings since that book came into my life.† Cassie paused. â€Å"And things with Adam have gotten pretty messy.† Nick usually flinched every time Cassie said Adam’s name, but he didn’t this time. His mahogany eyes were still and clear and his face was calm. Cassie suddenly felt like she could tell Nick anything and he wouldn’t judge her. She took a step closer to him. â€Å"You know the cord?† she asked. â€Å"The one between me and Adam?† â€Å"The infamous silver cord. Do you even have to ask?† â€Å"Well, there’s another one just like it,† Cassie said. â€Å"Between Adam and Scarlett.† â€Å"Hmm.† Nick set the broom aside and crossed his thick arms over his chest. â€Å"What do you think that means?† Cassie asked. â€Å"The more important question is what do you think it means?† Nick’s voice was caring and warm. Cassie shook her head. â€Å"I’m not sure.† â€Å"Personally,† Nick said. He looked pointedly at Cassie. â€Å"I think people pick who they love.† There was a beat of silence between them, a charged moment, and Cassie felt something tremble inside her. Something uncontrollable. A heat. Without thinking, she took Nick’s face into her hands and kissed him. It was urgent, and passionate, nothing like her soft kisses with Adam. She was hungry in a way she didn’t know she was capable of. But at the same time she felt disconnected, the way she had felt in her bedroom that night with Adam, after touching the book. It was like her mind and her body had split. She wanted to stop, but she couldn’t, so she kept kissing Nick until he pulled away. He brought his fingers to his lips in shock. â€Å"What the heck was that?† Cassie was just as stunned as he was. â€Å"I don’t know,† she said. â€Å"I’m sorry.† â€Å"Don’t do that unless you mean it.† Nick’s eyes blazed at her, and the air between them still felt charged. Cassie knew if she didn’t walk away now she was going to do something she might really regret. She turned and ran up the stairs to her bedroom, securing the door behind her. Cassie wasn’t sure what to make of what had just happened. She hadn’t known she was going to kiss Nick until she was already kissing him. In the moment, the thrill of it had rushed through her whole body. The screaming black hunger from deep in her gut was satiated – it had gotten what it wanted – but now all Cassie felt was empty. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 14, Essay examples

Daisy Miller Finding Personal Identity as an Ugly American free essay sample

Her real name is Annie P. Miller (Page by Page Books, 2010, p. 2). Winterbourne is of course surprised by each revelation about Daisy, but is quick to put Daisy into the broad category of American flirt and decides that this young girl was not a coquette in that sense; she was very unsophisticated; she was only a pretty American flirt (Page by Page Books, 2010, p. 6). The foreigners or even expatriates Daisy meets are in the same category of people who (to her own mind) do not rise to this arbitrary standard she has made for herself and others she meets in Europe. She is only interested in talking about herself, and is arrogant, though considered to be charming, with the people she meets. For example, she is condescending to Winterbourne when she first meets him. She asks him if he is German, and tells him that she wonders if he is a real American (Page by Page Books, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Daisy Miller: Finding Personal Identity as an Ugly American or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page She tells him that she is from New York State and asks him if you know where that is (Page by Page Books, 2010, p. 1), which presupposes that he is not intelligent to know about the basic geography of the United States. To Winterbourne, Daisy moves between eing unsophisticated and worldly, but in Daisys own eyes, she personally identifies herself with an aristocrat among barbarians. Daisy is in the development stage of finding her personal identity, and identifying with those around her by a type of ego pathology. As a child, or in her case a young woman, Daisy has several opportunities to identify herself, with real or fictitious people of either sex, with habits, traits, occupations, and ideas (Erikson, 1980, p. 5). Erikson states that the child will be forced to make selections as to who to identify with based on events in the childs life. He adds that the historical era that the child lives in will offer limited numbers of socially meaningful models for workable combinations of identification fragments (Erikson, 1980, p. 25). The usefulness of which will depend on how the person can square with the stage of maturity and the development of the persons ego. A persons personal identity is based on two factors: the immediate perception of the fact that there is a selfsameness and continuity in time and the fact that other people recognize a persons sameness and continuity in general (Erikson, 1980, p. 22). Erikson believed that ego identity went beyond merely existing, it was identity in several respects. The ego identity was the awareness of the way that others saw the person, and how the person identified with others. In the story, other people do not see Daisy in the same light she sees herself. For example, Mrs. Costello, who is Winterbournes aunt, refers to Daisy as a dreadful girl (Page by Page Books, 2010, p. 9), and she considers her common, which is not a compliment. Even when it is clear that Winterbourne begins to fancy Daisy, Mrs. Costello discourages the union at every turn. This is because Daisy does not have the highly respected position among society goers as she assumes she does (because of her family ties).